Private debt has come into its own and showed its resilience over the last four turbulent years of economic recovery and geopolitical conflict affecting the alternative assets space. 

Globally, credit assets under management took off to new heights while other assets like private equity, venture capital, and real estate fought through startling slowdowns. 

Since 2020, Alter Domus’ Agency Services has serviced new origination of over $750 billion, across over 2,500 loans. As a representation of the greater private debt industry, we cover five key trends that zoom in on certain driving factors of private debt’s growth. 

Download our infographic below to see these trends represented or learn more from our loan agency experts at our Agency Services page.  

The rapid growth of the private markets industry during the last decade has placed new demands and pressures on the back-office infrastructure of private markets managers.

As firms grapple with how best to manage the increasing complexity of human capital, technology, reporting and regulatory demands, Alter Domus breaks down what managers should consider when deciding to either keep fund administration functions in-house, or explore working with a third-party partner.

During the last decade, the private markets industry has been on a remarkable growth trajectory.

Since 2018, private markets assets under management (AUM) have grown at close to 20 percent per annum to reach USD 13.1 trillion as of 2023, according to McKinsey figures.

An operational upgrade

The growth and success of the industry has demanded a reassessment from managers of the resources and infrastructure their organizations require to address their client needs (i.e., investors) by delivering timely and meaningful reporting to them while providing the front office with the proper metrics and analysis to drive returns, expand their investment strategies and launch additional funds.

Traditionally, most private markets managers would have been running single strategy platforms and monitored and administrated a relatively small number of funds.

These modest reporting and fund accounting requirements shaped how managers built their back-offices. The need for fund accounting teams was small, run in-house and more than capable of covering reporting and accounting tasks using email, spreadsheets and basic “off-the-shelf” accounting packages.

As the industry has grown, however, there has been a step-change in what back-office teams are expected to cover.

As investors have increased exposure to private markets, and cheque sizes have increased, there has been an understandable demand for managers to produce more frequent, detailed and increasingly bespoke reporting and data.

Back-office teams have also had to adjust to covering the increasing number of funds, assets classes and investment strategies on manager platforms, as well as the additional reporting and accounting demands that come with offering co-investment, fund of one and special accounts access to key investors, not to mention the rising tide of regulatory reporting and the complexity that comes with managing secondaries and NAV loan deals.

The old, nimble back-office model of yesterday is no longer fit for purpose, and managers across the market are having to overhaul and scale-up back-office infrastructure, technology and operating models.

In-house or third-party

As managers review their operating models and assess how back-office capabilities will have to change to meet the demands of a larger, more sophisticated industry, the core question they will face is whether to run fund administration offices in-house, or partner with a third-party administrator in an outsourced or co-sourced arrangement.

In-house administration

An in-house fund administration model does offer managers with certain advantages:

1. Control and customization:

Keeping administration in-house does allow managers to keep full control of their fund accounting and reporting processes, and tailor these processes to meet a fund manager’s unique requirements.

Managers retain total control over how reports and accounts are produced in an in-house model and can access information as required to answer deal team and investor queries.

2. Confidentiality and responsiveness:

The direct access to data and reporting that an in-house model provides also gives managers the comfort of keeping sensitive data and reporting closely held and confidential. It also facilitates swift internal sharing of reports and figures, without the requirement to put a request in with a third-party provider.

3. Cost Benefits:

For some small managers, running an in-house fund administration team can save on costs if managers are still in the early stages of their development and minimum outsourcing costs don’t step down far enough for smaller operations.

For all the benefits that in-house administration offers, however, it also presents challenges that managers should factor into long-term planning for operational models.

Keeping fund administration becomes particularly challenging as managers grow in size, and locations/geographies, expand in new asset classes and consequently have to expand and upgrade their back-office infrastructure and technology to support this growth and at the same time still be in compliance with the increasing regulation framework.

Managers can soon find themselves incurring high, upfront capital expenditure as they make new hires to expand back-office headcount and bandwidth. Bringing in the required specialized staff to handle increasing compliance management and regulatory obligations are another obstacle to scaling an operational model at pace.

Moreover, investor due diligence often uncovers concerns when firms rely solely on internal resources for administration, as many investors view the absence of third-party involvement as a potential red flag. This lack of external validation can raise questions about transparency, operational rigor, and risk management, potentially impacting investor confidence.

Firms will also find that when they reach a certain inflection point, the cost benefits of keeping administration functions in-house start to erode, which is particularly important given that in-house staff costs are borne by the manager, whereas outsourcing costs are typically covered by the fund.

Further expenditure will also be required to keep space with the latest developments in technology. Running proprietary systems becomes costly and complicated to sustain as AUM grows, and installing and updating best-in-breed technology requires upfront investment in in-house technology expertise and systems monitoring.

The upshot for managers is that instead of investing in the core, front-office functions of investment talent and deal origination and deal execution tools, large sums of capital have to be set aside to keep back-office capabilities up to scratch.

Third-party administration

A third-party fund administration model can deliver cost efficiencies and specialist sector knowledge that would be challenging and costly to replicate in-house.

Advantages of an outsourced model include:

1. Access to specialized expertise:

Specialist third-party administrators operate across a number of jurisdictions and service multiple clients across a wide range of strategies.

They thus have the scale and global reach to build teams that are dedicated to regulation and compliance, are constantly monitoring regulatory developments across all key jurisdictions, and have the knowledge and expertise to ensure that clients are always compliant with all national and international regulation, and can avoid the risk of incurring penalties.

The expertise a third-party administrator can bring to the table is deep, as it employs highly skilled professionals with specific expertise and experience in the areas of fund administration, tax reporting, compliance, and risk management. It is difficult to provide similar specialism in an in-house model in a cost-effective way.

 Another important consideration is that third-party administrators offer flexible access to these experts as needs arise, without the burden of full-time salaries. Instead of maintaining in-house specialists for infrequent or unforeseen issues, managers can tap into a dedicated pool of expertise on demand, ensuring cost efficiency while retaining top-tier support for “rainy day” scenarios.

2. Efficiency and cost savings:

When working with an outsourcing partner, managers free themselves from the costs and time required to keep on top of internal hiring and training, as well as the overheads that come with retaining large in-house teams.

Maintaining technology infrastructure is another area where the outsourcing option can save managers high capital expenditure outlays on technology.

Third-party administrators, with multiple clients, can spread operational, team and technology costs across their client bases, which enables them to provide best-in-class service at a lower cost point than a manager administering a small family of funds with an in-house operation but also ensuring best practices execution.

3. Helping a manager to scale:

It is also much easier for third-party providers – because of their scale – to ramp up service provision and managers not only build and expand their own platforms and investment strategies, but also adjust to the rising reporting and regulatory demands associated with growing their franchises internationally, serving a more diverse investor base and manage multi-jurisdictional compliance.

The hiring cycle and training required to upskill an in-house team to manage these growing demands will involve significantly longer lead times.

The scale and breadth of experience within third-party outsourcing providers also means that they will have the experience of handling complex fund structures and bespoke investor reporting requirements.

4. Stamp of quality:

Established outsourcing providers will be known to investors, who will take confidence in the fact that a manager is working with a third-party that has a track record in the industry and can be trusted to produce transparent, objective reporting. Using a third-party provider also means that managers can benchmark fund administration costs against the market, and show investors that a fund is receiving value for money

Outsourcing administrative functions to a third-party expert can also mitigate the risk of internal errors, operational blind spots and even fraud.

5. Top technology expertise:

Outsourcing partners will work across the best-in-breed alternative assets technology platforms and are able to advise on the selection and implementation of the fund reporting, risk management, and regulatory compliance software tools that are the best fit for a manager.

Building this expertise and breadth of experience in-house is challenging, as is meeting the ongoing development and maintenance costs required to keep these sophisticated software platforms functioning and up to date.

The benefits of scale also mean that third-party providers can make much larger investment in cybersecurity, data security, and business continuity plans than an in-house team could manage.

Industry pivots to outsourcing

Even though in-house administration continues to offer certain advantages, the scale, technology expertise and regulatory and compliance experience that a third-party solution can provide for managers has seen the industry pivot decisively towards the outsourcing option, with various industry surveys showing that outsourcing is on the up and expected to continue increasing in the years ahead.

For managers who are reappraising their operational models, it is important to take a long-term view on what their businesses will require in the future.

An in-house model does offer control and customization benefits, but as the reporting and regulatory workloads in back-office teams increase, scaling an in-house model cost-effectively and at pace becomes increasingly challenging.

The scale, technical expertise, technology bandwidth, cost benefits and global experience third-party providers bring to the table are encouraging more and more managers to choose the outsourcing approach when facing an organizational inflection point.

Alter Domus is a specialist fund administrator provider that has helped hundreds of managers to transition their back-office requirements to an outsourced model and has a proven track record of delivering comprehensive, scalable, and efficient services tailored to the bespoke requirements of alternative investment funds operating across a range of investment strategies in multiple jurisdictions.

In addition to core fund administration, Alter Domus also provides extensive audit and tax support, seamlessly coordinating with other financial service firms to reduce distractions for fund teams and allow them to focus on their primary objectives.

As firms face the mounting complexities of human capital management, evolving technology, intensive reporting, and stringent regulatory demands, Alter Domus helps managers carefully weigh the benefits of maintaining in-house functions versus partnering with an experienced third-party administrator.

Credit markets have changed profoundly since the 2008 fiscal crisis, with broadly syndicated loans (BSLs) and private credit replacing bank lending as primary sources of debt for corporate and private equity. 

As banks tapped down lending activity in the aftermath of the 2008 credit crunch to focus on repairing balance sheets, BSL markets and successively private credit managers stepped in to fill the gap and have not looked back.  

According to Preqin figures private debt assets under management (AUM) have increased more than four-fold during the last decade, and currently sit at approximately US$1.6 trillion. Leveraged loan markets in the US and Europe, meanwhile, have seen loan issuance more than double since 2015 to exceed US$1 trillion in the first half of 2024, according to figures compiled by law firm White & Case.  

As private credit and BSL markets have grown, so has competition, and to differentiate their propositions, lenders and private credit investors have adopted more sophisticated and complex credit strategies. 

Previously private credit and BSL would focus on servicing different borrower groups, but as strategies have evolved, head-to-head competition for the same deal opportunities has intensified. Pitchbook figures, for example, show that US companies refinanced more than US$13 billion of private debt in the BSL market during the first four months of 2024, a 180-degree flip from the second half of 2023, when most borrowers were refinancing BSL borrowings with private debt.  

Market evolution drives middle office transformation

As competition across credit markets has ramped up, lenders have had to reappraise their middle office operational and technology infrastructure and ensure that the administration of the individual credits in their portfolios is efficient, accurate, and as frictionless as possible for borrowers and other key stakeholders. 

In a crowded market, where borrowers have a wide pool of lenders to choose from, a reputation for best-in-class middle office service – including tasks such as loan accounting, loan agency, trade settlements, interest rate payments, borrower and lender communications and borrowing bases – can serve as a point of differentiation for companies and sponsors when selecting a credit partner. 

The last 24 months of dislocation across credit markets have served to further emphasize just how valuable and important middle office capability has become for credit managers. 

As interest rates have climbed, so have the costs of floating rate debt structures, which have added to the workloads of credit middle offices, which have in turn had to keep track of agency notices, rate resets and margin changes. Covenant compliance and loan amendment negotiations have also increased in volume as financing costs have climbed, directing further demands into middle office in-trays. 

Managers and lenders that had been able to get through with lean middle office operations in bull-markets have had to reengineer middle office operations to keep up with the higher volumes of increasingly complex and important loan administration workloads. 

Middle office support

Instead of hiring in much larger middle office teams and locking up cash in capital expenditure to keep pace with rising middle office workloads, credit providers can take advantage of the technical and technological expertise of an outsourcing partner to put in place a middle office model that is flexible and scalable. 

Alter Domus, for example, has supported credit provider clients with comprehensive loan servicing and monitoring support for more than two decades, and has built up the specialized expertise and technology stack to cover the ever-intensifying technological and operational asks of middle-office credit teams.  

All aspects of loan servicing needs can be handled by Alter Domus across our middle office service offerings: 

• Our Loan Agency offerings via our Agency Services team allows us to serve in a variety of agency roles including named administrative agent, sub agent, successor agent, and more. In doing so, our teams handle jobs including counterparty communication, oversight of covenant compliance, and agency notices. 

• Our Loan Services offerings provide an array of coverage including loan accounting, loan servicing, trade settlements, and CLO services. Our teams are perfectly positioned to take care of complex, time-consuming day-to-day workflows that are essential to the life of a loan. 

• Our Loan Monitoring solutions provide digitized, normalized financial information from borrowers delivered to your monitoring solution of choice or our modern portal.  

Our middle office servicing relies heavily on our proprietary administration platforms CorTrade, Agency360, Solvas, and VBO to support clients across a broad suite of accounting, modelling, and credit risk solutions. Alter Domus’ tech platform covers all these tasks, and others, with an interface that can operate within a client’s portfolio management system and process a wide range of reporting, data, and internal accounting functions. 

When reviewing middle office infrastructure capability, it is also crucial for managers to ensure that the middle office links in to both the front and back office, and that teams in these three functions are not operating in siloes. 

Each team will often use different systems, technology platforms and servicing teams to execute their core functions, but it is important that all functions are integrated, and that there is a secure, accurate data trail that can be traced from the beginning to the end of the loan lifecycle. 

Our firm has leveraged our credit and technology expertise to help several credit providers build data bridges between the technology and software used in separate functions, and integrate data from preferred front-office, middle-office, and back-office platforms to ensure data veracity. 

Working with a partner like Alter Domus enables credit providers to focus on their core business of originating opportunities, assessing risk, and underwriting new financings, confident in the knowledge that they have the middle office support in place to manage loan servicing tasks to the highest industry standards. 

In what has been a challenging period for alternative investment managers, the private debt asset class has been a standout performer.

According to McKinsey, private debt generated stronger returns than all other private market asset classes in 2023 and was the most resilient for fundraising.

Rising interest rates benefited private debt firms, due to the floating rate structures that gains when base rates climb. This has driven ongoing investor demand for the strategy, proving its ability to deliver attractive risk-adjusted returns across the investment cycle.

The robust performance of private debt strategies through the recent period of market dislocation and uncertainty follows a period of remarkable growth for the asset class.

Private debt assets under management (AUM) have more than quadrupled during the last decade, according to Preqin figures, and currently stand at approximately US$1.6 trillion. And according to BlackRock, the private debt industry is well-positioned to sustain its growth trajectory. AUM forecast is set to reach US$3.5 trillion by the end of 2028 as borrowers continue to favor the bespoke and flexible financing structures offered by private debt managers, and investors, many of which are under-allocated to private debt, move to grow their exposure to the asset class.

Preparing for the next cycle of expansion

For private debt managers, the rapid increase in industry AUM has brought their franchises to an organizational tipping point.

Private debt firms are not only managing larger pools of capital for a more diverse, demanding investor base, but are also executing increasingly complex investment strategies that have expanded beyond bilateral, middle-market loans into big-ticket club deals and opportunistic purchases of debt tranches.

Unlocking capital from a global investor base and expanding deal pipelines into new areas have opened exciting opportunities for managers. However, capitalizing on these prospects will require private debt firms to upgrade their operational infrastructure to sustain their growth.

Managers have not only had to enhance their back-office fund accounting and investor reporting functions to serve an increasingly demanding and sophisticated investor base, but also their middle-office loan servicing and loan administration services to borrowers and the companies to which they lend.

The lean operations that supported private debt through its first phase of expansion will have to be upscaled to ensure that managers can maintain operational nimbleness, and the ability to measure performance while tracking risk, as transaction volumes rise.

Increasing middle and back-office capabilities do pose operational challenges for managers. Staff and technology costs ramp up, while the impacts of additional processes, sign-offs and internal bureaucracy can compromise the agility and responsiveness that have underpinned previous success and growth.

It has also become crucial for managers to establish seamless links between front-office dealmakers, middle-office, and client-facing teams that support borrowers, and back-office teams managing fund accounting and reporting.

Key areas for consideration

As private debt managers enter the next phase of the asset class’s evolution, there are three key questions that should be asked before embarking on an operational overhaul: 

1. Does integration exist through the front, middle, and back office?

While the oversight and investment management of a private debt fund does have similarities with other alternative asset classes such as private equity and real assets, there are specific deal structuring and fund accounting requirements that are unique to private debt. 

Loan structures, for example, will include multiple tranches, varying rates and payments of principals and interest. Managers must also be able to source and analyze data in markets where public information is less available than in syndicated loan and bond markets. 

The fund accounting required to track and report on private credit portfolios and investments is also vastly different from what is required in private equity portfolios, for example.

As managers expand, it is essential that their accounting and operating teams have the requisite experience to handle the specific demands of private debt fund accounting and reporting. 

It is equally important for private debt managers to have the middle-office capabilities to take loan agency responsibilities, such as for individual investments, handle all trade settlements and interest rate payments, and to administer borrowing bases. 

2. Outsourcing or in-house? 

Managers must decide if it is best to outsource both back- and middle-office functions as their operations grow or invest in building additional infrastructure in-house.

Keeping operations in-house gives managers direct control of loan operations, fund accounting, and data, which has its advantages, but does come with high upfront costs and makes it more difficult to scale up back-office resources in the future.

Outsourcing to a third-party provider allows managers to benefit from the global reach and extensive industry expertise of fund administration specialists. It is also important to factor in that when a manager ramps up the size of internal teams, the GP bears those costs. In contrast, when outsourcing, the costs of administration are covered by the fund.

If managers do choose to go down the outsourcing route, it is crucial to have clarity on what infrastructure and technology will have to be retained internally to oversee, engage, and interact with a third-party fund administrator.

Managers must also be clear on the scope of work that a loan servicer and fund administrator can handle. Not all partner firms, for example, can deliver portfolio accounting via their loan administration systems.
Managers should be clear on exactly what support they require and whether the administrator can meet that request.

3. How will data challenges be addressed? 

Data management poses distinctive challenges in a private debt context, as different teams within a firm have different technology and data requirements.

Investor relations teams, for example, want to access performance data to report to LPs, while operations teams prioritize the data requirements of investment professionals and fund accountants want to ensure that books are up to date.

This has seen the asset class move away from single systems, which aim to cover the full loan cycle and serve as a “single source of truth,” to a model where there is an interlinking patchwork of technology platforms and servicing teams.

As data linkages between different operations and teams grow in importance, the middle and back office must become more fluid and integrated.

Ensuring that the data linkages between these teams and their respective technology tools are fully integrated and seamless is complex and impacts how back-office and mid-office functions are structured.

Whether outsourcing or keeping operations in-house, firms must ensure that operating models are structured in a way that aligns the back office and middle office teams and helps to facilitate the “front-to-back” integration required to support multiple complex front office investment management tasks.

Curating an operating infrastructure that covers these priorities and meets the specific demands of each individual private debt manager lays a firm foundation for building a scalable operational model that can grow with a private debt platform. 

The value of a supportive loan servicing and fund administration partner

Transforming an operating model is demanding and can distract managers from their core front office investment management priorities. 

Working with an experienced servicing partner and tech provider like Alter Domus, which has extensive asset class experience, a clear understanding of how private debt managers work, and insight into the key operational priorities they are seeking to address as their organizations grow, eases implementation and ensures that managers are putting the right structures in place. 

We have the resources and expertise to help private debt managers take their operating models to the next level by streamlining processes and harnessing technology, and have supported clients’ operational requirements in the following ways: 

1. Provision of a full suite of services

Alter Domus provides an end-to-end service to private debt managers that covers every operational requirement, including loan administration, portfolio accounting, loan agency, loan servicing, and fund administration, as well as full data integration across these functions. 

2. Technology expertise 

Alter Domus has successfully implemented proprietary technology to support all its services. Alter Domus’s Solvas platform, for example, integrates accounting, modelling, and credit risk solutions to serve as our proprietary loan administration system. 

This means Alter Domus can integrate data and operate within a client’s portfolio management system, providing regular reporting and data feeds that allow clients to update their internal accounting systems.  

3. Data integration 

Alter Domus’s technology expertise means it can also support private debt managers with the design of technology stacks and operating models that support data integration. 

We can help clients to connect the various preferred technology tools of their teams and facilitate the fluid movement of accurate data between different teams and across different technology platforms. This ensures that there is a golden copy of all data throughout the full loan and fund lifecycle. 

Partnering with a firm like Alter Domus can help private debt managers to re-energize their focus on strategic growth and ensure that their support structures are agile and fit for purpose in a private debt asset class that continues to grow, develop, and become more competitive.

There are many benefits for asset managers when partnering with a service provider for a lift-out back-office solution, including gaining access to cutting-edge tech solutions, keeping pace with regulatory reporting demands, and providing their back-office employees with meaningful career paths and training in a larger organization closely aligned to their skillset.

Among the most crucial success factors in such a partnership is ensuring a continuation and improvement in back-office support, and retaining the expertise and experience of back-office teams as they are integrated to a service provider.

A welcoming new home for back-office teams

With a strong track record in successfully delivering lift-out solutions, Alter Domus has already become home to hundreds of employees who have joined the organization via lift-outs and strategic partnerships.

As Joanne describes it, “We are always excited and enthusiastic about welcoming new faces to Alter Domus. We understand that every career is precious, and that initially teams may be apprehensive about such a change in their working lives. Our approach centers around building trust and strong relationships through multiple in-person touchpoints at both a team and individual level to ensure transferring employees feel engaged and connected throughout the process.“

“Another key element of our approach is listening and engaging – what are people’s concerns or questions, what are their goals and ambitions, what would they like to see in their new environment – and adapting our approach based on the feedback we receive, and a deep understanding of their needs.”

We are proactive, responsive, and transparent with all of our customer’s teams who are involved in the project. It is critical to stay very connected with the customer, the team experiencing the lift-out, and the multi-disciplinary Alter Domus team managing the change. From a people perspective, we have two short-term priorities – ensuring impacted teams are supported, and the co-ordination and execution of integration to our systems, policies, payroll and other processes.

Joanne Ferris
Chief Human Resources Officer

Best in-class integration

As mentioned by Joanne, Alter Domus engage dedicated resources across multi-disciplinary functions to ensure a smooth start for new team members. This can include introducing teams to a possible new leader, a potential new workplace, new operating systems and tech, and integration to AD’s payroll, performance cycle, and other people processes.

Employees joining Alter Domus through a lift-out enjoy access to the Alter Domus onboarding app, individualized onboarding packs, as well as invitations to interactive info sessions on systems and processes, career pathing and performance at AD, the Alter Domus Academy and more.

At the same time, teams are introduced to the culture and ways of working at Alter Domus: “We meet teams on a regular basis before, during, and after the lift-out process, and showing who we are – our culture, our values as an organization, and how we work together – is something that we do every step of the way,” says Joanne. “We say that Alter Domus is a ‘second home’ for our clients, and AD is also a place where people feel they can grow and develop their careers when they join us.”

When teams join Alter Domus, they also take part in AD’s monthly engagement surveys from their first month. “Our engagement surveys are a key tool for AD leaders, allowing us to measure and proactively address employee sentiment,” says Joanne. “For teams joining via lift-outs, these are a vital metric for our leaders and project team. Most importantly, this can be a catalyst for great conversations within the team, and generate changes to how we do things.”

Providing a platform for growth

Moving from a back-office team to working within the core business of a service provider also brings benefits and opportunities for new joiners in a lift-out scenario. With a clear focus on best-in-class technology solutions and providing impactful learning and development opportunities through the award-winning AD Academy, Alter Domus provides team members with the resources and support to grow and develop their expertise and professional careers.

“We are proud of the opportunities we provide our people – professional qualification support as an ACCA accredited employer, LinkedIn Learning, internal mobility, and in-house specialized training from the AD Academy – and how these can benefit both new teams and our clients is part of our long-term success in lift-outs and partnerships,” says Joanne.

Measuring long-term success

As a high-performing metrics-driven organization, the initial focus is on ensuring the “hardwiring” – systems, processes, policies, hardware integration and workplace set-up – is complete. At the same time and beyond the initial stages, the teams will move on to more long-term metrics covering efficiency, performance, client satisfaction, and employee engagement.

For Joanne, another key metric is how new team members embrace the opportunity to grow and develop with us: “At Alter Domus, our success is built on the success of our people. Many of the people who have joined us via lift-outs have gone on to progress to more senior levels at Alter Domus, and this is the ultimate testament that our approach works for both our clients and for the new teams we welcome to Alter Domus.”

The rapid growth of the private markets industry during the last 15 years has supported growing demand from alternative assets managers for middle and back-office support and expertise to support their expanding franchises.

The fund administration sector has been a crucial service provider to managers seeking middle and back-office assistance, but what exactly is fund administration and what services do fund administrators provide?

What is fund administration?

Fund administration involves the third-party provision of middle and back-office services to private equity, private debt, real assets, venture capital and hedge funds.

Managers of these alternative asset funds will rely on fund administration service providers to manage their middle and back-office services requirements so that they can focus on their core, front-office functions of sourcing and executing deals, managing portfolios, securing exits and delivering returns for investors.

Tasks that fund administrators will manage for alternative asset managers include:

• Fund accounting
• Financial and investor reporting
• NAV (Net Asset Value) calculations
• Managing capital calls and distributions
• Fund compliance
• Regulatory assistance
• Audit and tax support
• Anti-money laundering (AML)
• Investor services
• Technology and advisory services

What are the benefits of fund administration?

Outsourcing back-office functions to a third-party fund administrator has become more important for alternative assets managers as the industry has grown, and regulatory, compliance and investor demands have increased.

The private markets industry started out as a small, niche asset class, led by entrepreneurial teams of dealmakers who ran their firms with small back-office teams and simple IT infrastructure.

As private markets assets under management have significantly increased, similarly the demands on the operational infrastructure of managers and firms have intensified. Managers require much larger back-office teams and more robust technology platforms to service a larger, more global and sophisticated investor base.

Working with an established fund administrator means that managers can address these rising demands without having to invest large sums of upfront capital expenditure in back-office infrastructure, and take advantage of the global reach, economies of scale and technology infrastructure of specialist fund administration providers.

What are the primary functions of a fund administrator?

The role of the fund administrator is to assist clients by managing the tasks related to fund accounting, investor onboarding and reporting, compliance, and regulatory obligations, while ensuring that all requirements are met on behalf of the firm.

When working with a trusted fund administrator a private fund manager can rest assured that all fund accounting is timely and accurate, that the issuance of capital calls and distributions to investors are prepared, coordinated and delivered, that investor reporting and portal requirements are fulfilled and and that their fund is in compliance with regulatory, know-your-client (KYC), know-your-transaction (KYT), and anti-money laundering (AML) obligations.

A fund administrator’s primary responsibilities will include:

• Fund accounting
• Investor, regulatory and tax reporting
• NAV calculation
• Capital call and distribution management
• Cash management
• Financial statement preparation

In addition to performing core back-office functions and assisting the manager in meeting the obligations outlined in fund documents, a fund administrator can leverage its experience and scale to offer additional, related services that add further value.

Other services fund administrators will provide include:

These services can free up additional in-house resources, help managers to provide additional financial information to investors outside of set reporting periods and give investors comfort that a manager has strong, comprehensive operational infrastructure in place to support their firm.

Technology and software services are one particular area where there has been a transformation in additional value a fund administrator can offer.

Technology has become a crucial enabler for faster, more comprehensive reporting that investors and regulators require.

Fund administrators, who work with multiple clients across a wide range of asset classes and jurisdictions have built up invaluable experience and knowledge of how to implement configure best-in-breed industry software and help managers to select the best software and technology to meet their bespoke requirements.

This is one example of how the value and services a fund administrator can provide expanded value beyond the foundational disciplines of fund accounting and investor reporting.

What teams are involved in fund administration?

In order to deliver the various services, fund administrators draw on the expertise and skills of a wide range of professionals.

The teams of professionals comprising fund administrations teams will include:

The depth and breadth of skills required to manage fund administration is difficult for managers to replicate in-house. Outsourcing to a third-party provider that has economies of scale and can offer professionals with career development opportunities can be a much more efficient way for a manager to access these skills and knowledge.

What are the different requirement for different managers?

Some managers will be raising their first funds or only be managing one or two funds, while other managers will be managing multiple funds across a range of private markets strategies. Fund structures can also vary in complexity and size.

Different investors will also have different requirements. Some investors will demand frequent reporting and portfolio analysis, while for others quarterly reporting will suffice.

Fund administration services can be tailored to the specific requirements of individual managers and their investors.

Fund administration models will also vary by asset class, and each asset class will have its own specific fund administration requirements:

Private equity, real estate & infrastructure and private debt are the main asset-class specific fund administration models.

There requirements are as follows:

Private Equity:

• Capital call management
• Distribution processing
• Waterfall calculations
• Deal structuring
• Aggregate valuations

Real Estate & Infrastructure:

• Property valuation services
• Real estate asset management
• Lease administration
• Property acquisitions services
• Real estate financial reporting
• Asset management
• Infrastructure valuation services

Private Debt:

• Loan servicing and administration
• Debt fund compliance reporting
• Private debt portfolio management
• Covenant monitoring services
• Credit risk assessment

A stamp of assurance for investors

For private markets LPs the knowledge that a manager has an experienced fund administrator in place provides confidence.

LPs will be familiar with the leading fund administration providers and can ease due diligence requirements knowing their operational knowledge, processes, technology and cybersecurity.

A credible fund administration provider can give a manager’s LPs, who are investing for the long-term, the comfort that a manager has a robust and scalable operational model in place that has been tried and tested.

LPs can leverage third-party administrators to support them in navigating the everchanging regulatory landscape and help them provide transparent and accurate reporting efficiently. Managers working with fund administrators can also benchmark their fund administration costs against market rates, further strengthening investor confidence that back-office functions are not only robust, but also economic.

Fund administration: a key partner in a mature industry

The private markets industry has grown and matured over the last decade, and the expectations of managers when it comes to fund accounting, investor reporting, and regulatory compliance have intensified.

Managers do have the option of keeping these functions in-house and investing significantly in back-office teams and operational infrastructure to keep pace with increasing back-office expectations. For managers that want to focus on the core business of investment management, however, third-party fund administration has become an essential service that frees up managers to focus on creating value for its LPs by doing deals and growing their franchises, all by knowing an administrator provides knowledge that their operations are secure and that they count on the support of the administrator’s reporting and regulatory teams to navigate the various regulations in the jurisdictions a manager is operating in.

If you are a manager seeking back office, technology and operational support, Alter Domus’ Fund Services team is available to discuss how you can future proof your operational model, simplify your back-office infrastructure and harness technology and best-in-breed industry software to its fullest potential.